视网膜投影显示(RPD)是头戴显示器(HMD)领域的一个研究热点,能够克服传统HMD辐辏聚焦矛盾(VAC)。为了使RPD小型便携化,以微机电系统(MEMS)扫描镜作为空间光调制器(SLM)设计制造了折反式激光RPD系统。首先,介绍了辐辏聚焦矛盾,分析了RPD的基本原理。通过传统的RPD光路结构,实验验证了以MEMS激光扫描投影作为图像源的麦克斯韦观察法原理的可行性,分析并解决了黑斑问题。接着,完成了RPD系统的光学设计,分析评价了系统的性能。最后,制造出小型便携式的原型机,原型机瞳距可调,视场角为30°(H)×22°(V),无畸变,并通过实验对其显示效果进行了验证。

Retinal projection displays (RPDs) are an important development direction for head-mounted displays (HMDs). This paper reviews the literature on optical engineering aspects based on the data on advanced technology in RPD design and development. The review includes the principles and applications of four theories, e. g., the Maxwellian view and its modified modality and the monocular and binocular depth cues of stereoscopic objects in the physiology of the human visual system. To support the Maxwellian view and achieve retinal projection systems with depth cues, results of previous design works were summarized using different methods and their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed. With an extremely long focal depth, a prototype of a full-color stereoscopic see-through RPD system was discussed. Finally, a brief outlook of the future development trends and applications of the RPDs was presented.